Russian state nuclear company Rosatom underwent a “deep transformation” in 2025 as it increasingly becomes an important part of state policy, according to a paper from not-for-profit scientific organisation Bellona Foundation.

Norway-based Bellona said Rosatom has continued to adapt to new conditions and constraints caused by Russia’s conflict with Ukraine and an increasingly fragmented geopolitical horizon.

Bellona said Rosatom had increased its areas of business outside its main nuclear focus to cover infrastructure in the Arctic region, logistics and technology chains linked to defence and resources.

“In 2025, its activities can be characterised as undergoing deep transformation, with the corporation moving far beyond its traditional role as a nuclear energy operator and becoming a multifunctional instrument of state policy,” the paper said.